Jonathan ybekes



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Patented Dec; 7,1880.

J; YERKES. Manufacture of Hammers'and Hatchets.

(No Model.)

'flfi/yessm- .(No Model.) v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J.IYERK'ES. Manufacture of Hammers and Ha tohets. No. 235,326; PatentedDec. 7,1880.

. IIIIUIJJI MPEFERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAFHER. WASHINGTON. D c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICFO JONATHAN YERKES, OF PHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND FAYETTE R. PLUMB, OF SAME PLACE.

MANUFACTURE OF HAMMERS AND HATCHETS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 235,326, dated December'7, 1880.

Application filed September 27, 1380. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JONATHAN YERKES, acitizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,have invented an Iniprovement in the Manufacture of Hammers andHatchets, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of certain dies, fully described hereinafter, .forwelding pieces of steel to the blanks of hatchets and hammers, the mainaimof my invention being to effect-ually retain the blank while thewelding is effected, all of which is fully described hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1, 2, and 3, Sheet 1, are views ofhatchet-blanks as they appear in different stages of the manufacture;Fig. 4, a perspective view of the dies used in operating on the blanks;Fig. 5, a side view of the said dies; and Fig. 6, Sheet 2, a plan viewof a machine to which the dies may be applied.

In Fig. 1, A is a hatchet-blank, having the usual elongated eye a, d.being the portion of the blank which has to be converted into thehammer-head portion of the hatchet, and e the portion which has to beforged into a blade by the usual operation, with which my invention hasno connection, the latter being restricted to the welding of the steelplate or to the end of the portion 01 of the blank.

B, Fig. 4. is the fixed die, and B the movable die, and each of thesedies is, in the present instance, made in two parts, as they can be moreconveniently manufactured in that way than by making the die in onepiece. The die B has a projection, m, of such dimensions that it willpass freely into the eye a of the blank, and there is in the said dieBarecess, n, bearing the relation shown in Figs. 4 and 5 to theprojection on. The die B is constructed in a precisely similar manner,and has a projection, m, and recess 12-, similar to those of the die B.

The character of the dies will be still better understood by thefollowing description of their operation in connection with thewelding-die D The patch of steel w, Fig. 1, is first applied to the end01 of the blank A, and thetwo are then brought to a welding-heat. Theblank A is then so adjusted to the fixed die B that the projection mshall enter the elongated opening a of the said blank, the portion 01 ofthe blank being adjusted in the recess a, a portion of the end of theblank, however, projecting beyond the rear face of the die B. When themovable die B has been moved in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 4,until it is nearly in contact with the die B the blank will be firmlygriped within the recesses of the two dies and the projections m m ofthe same will have entered the eye of the blank, the patch a, of steel,resting against the exposed end of the blank, which projects beyond thedies. The welding-die D, which is arranged to slide in a direction atright angles to the die B, moves suddenly forward, and as suddenlyretreats after striking the steel a sufficiently hard blow to weld it tothe end of the blank, after which the die B retreats from the die B, andthe blank, which is reduced to the condition Fig. 2, is released. Theprojections in of the two dies play an important part in the operation,for, the blank being at a welding-heat, the metal would yield too freelyunder the action of the die D but for these projections, which, enteringthe eye of the blank, serve to maintain the integrity of the same underthe blow imparted by the weldingdie. The projections, moreover, act asguides in the proper adjustment of the blank to the dies.

When the blank has to be reduced to the condition Fig. 3, a three-sidedrecessf, is formed in each die, and the combined effect of theserecesses will be to reduce the corners of the blank. This feature,however, forms no special point of my present invention, as in manyhammer-blanks this corner reduction is not required, and hammer-blanksare often of such a character that the shape of the recesses a a of thedies must be altered. The blank for a shoe-makers hammer, for instance,would require rounded instead of rectangular recesses n it.

Although the dies may be applied to different kinds of machines, andalthough the mechanism for holding and operating the dies forms no partof my present invention, I have shown in Fig. 6 a plan view of anordinary rivet and bolt-heading machine,in connection with which thedies may be used. The die B is secured I I claim as my inventionto afixed portion of the machinc-frame, and The dies B and B, each having arecess, 1:, the die B to apivoted frame, E, which isactnadapted to thebody of hatchet or hammer ated by aeam, F,on adriving-shai'tdl,through'1 blank. and a ])I'()j60tl0ll,m, adapted to the eye the medium of alever, 11, acting on a [)l'QitU- l of the said blank, in combinationwith the tion of the pivoted frame, the welding-die wcldingdie I), asset forth.

being adapted to guides on the t'rmne and bel in testimony whereof [havesigned my name ing actuated by a cam on the driving-slmi't l to thisspecification in the presence oftwo suband by a spring", which serves toretract the scribing witnesses.

die. The driving-shaft is driven, in the present instance, by a beltpassing round a pulley, l JONATHAN YERKES' W, and the shaft is providedwith a clutch, l controllable by a treadle, for stopping and startingthe machine. i

Witnesses:

JAMES F. ToBIN. HARRY SMITH.

